Os fundamentos e a importância da História: uma discussão teórico- filosófica entre Immanuel Kant e Arthur Schopenhauer.

Abstract

The present resarch consisit-in the developmetn of a dialogue between the Philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-2804) and Arhtur Schopenhauer (1788-1860) with the intention to analyses theirs prepositions about the fundaments and the importance of the History. It´s about a resacrch with theoretical and bibliographical aprouch, that used as the principal references the following works: of kant, Idea for a universal history from a cosmopoitan point of view (1784), and of Schopenhauer, A World as Will and representation(1818). Although him a devoted reader of that, these authors do not share concurrent positions about the problem there was talked about,Kant exalt the history as direction for the development of the society, gifted with the rationalist perspective, realize the history as a collective reason study camp. Schopenhauer, on the other hand, see the History and the past ,your object of study, only as one more area of the knowledge with less importance, which do not give de essence that which propose due yours object and methods insufficients. Although Schopenhauer consider himself the most genuine follower of the kantian philosofy,altough in many ways he opposes the arguments of Kant,and about the question History was not different. Kant, a enlightenment thinker,considered the History as a fundamental science for the progress of the human society,while yourself proclaimed follower not even consider as a sciencie with any relevance. Both authors provided contributions for the actual historiography in the sense of distinguish conceptions about the fundamentals and the importance of the history.For Kant, the History is the science that better translate the humanity evolution while Schopenhauer, in your clear anti-historicism, the History do not pass that a "Absurd Comedy".