Estrutura e composição florística em áreas de caatinga no complexo da Serra do Bongá, sertão paraibano.

Abstract

The Caatinga presents one of the phytophysionomies most degraded by anthropic a activities in Brazil and with critical conservation conditions. From this perspective, the aim of this study was to compare the structure and floristic composition of two vegetation fragments (A and B) in the Bongá Mountain Complex in Monte Horebe (Backlands of Paraiba). In each area, 10 plots of 10 ×10m totaling 1,000m² were plotted. Tree/shrubs individuals with a height of 1m or more diameter of the stem at ground level ≥ 3 cm, and CAP ≥ 1m, were sampled and the analyses of phytosociological parameters were performed from the Fitopac Software. In fragment A, 325 individuals were identified, distributed in 11 families, 17 genera and 18 botanical species. In fragment B, 225 individuals, being five families, eight genera and nine species. The Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H') was 2.35 for A, and 1.73 for B. Similarity between the environments (0.69). Human action has influenced the reduction of biodiversity in these environments. But despite this, the presence of taxa Duguetia sp and Hymenaea sp, as possible new occurrences for state of Paraíba justify the need for conservation of these remnants of Caatinga.