Dengue, geoprocessamento e saúde: estudo de caso na zona urbana do município de Santa Helena (2022 a 2024).

Abstract

Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by a vector, the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which has become a public health problem in several parts of the world. Using health geography as a theoretical framework and geoprocessing as a tool, the research establishes the following objective: to analyze the spatial distribution of dengue hotspots and correlate them with historical disease data to identify patterns and priority areas for interventions. Through field studies combined with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and spatial analysis, it was possible to map dengue hotspots and, consequently, the zones most affected by the disease, enabling the prioritization of areas for public health interventions. The study divided the municipality into four zones (North, South, East, and West), facilitating the georeferenced analysis of dengue hotspots and integrating these hotspots with epidemiological data from the Municipal Health Department for the years 2022 to 2024. The results indicate a higher concentration of cases in the North and South zones, where inadequate infrastructure and the presence of solid waste were observed, except for the central area of the South zone, where waste collection is carried out properly, unlike the more remote areas. The research also highlighted the need for improvements in the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) due to incomplete data in some cases. The methodology proved effective in identifying dengue distribution patterns and, combined with geoprocessing, demonstrated its value as a tool for crisis management in similar cases, with potential for replication in other municipalities.