Avaliação de impactos ambientais do esgotamento sanitário em Ipueira-RN.

Abstract

Primitive man did not cause damage to nature due to his lifestyle. As society evolved, the establishment of permanent settlements by humans began to generate environmental problems. In this context, public policies are essential to mitigate existing environmental damage and prevent future harm. This research evaluates the adverse environmental impacts resulting from the insufficiency or lack of sanitation in the urban area of Ipueira-RN. To this end, a diagnosis of the current sanitation conditions in Ipueira was conducted. Subsequently, a simplified description of the study area was developed, and adverse environmental impacts were identified and analyzed. The identification of impacts was carried out using environmental impact assessment methods such as Ad Hoc, Check List, Interaction Matrix, and Overlay Mapping. The classification of significant impacts used criteria such as public health, quality of life, and potential for environmental degradation. It was found that there is an insufficiency in sanitation services, as well as a lack of essential activities such as effluent treatment and environmentally appropriate disposal. Fifty impacts were identified, 27 of which were related to the Physical Environment. Of these, 43 impacts were classified as "Significant" or "Very Significant." For these impacts, measures and environmental control plans were proposed to improve the conditions of sanitation services and the environmental quality of the studied area.