Impactos socioambientais decorrentes da ausência do sistema de tratamento de esgotamento sanitário na cidade de Lavras da Mangabeira-CE.

Abstract

Basic sanitation is an essential factor for the development of Brazilian cities, which seeks socio- environmental, economic and health development. However, the services that comprise basic sanitation have faced universalization difficulties over the years due to various factors, such as a lack of sufficient financial investment to meet the population's demand and the process of urbanization. The general objective of this study is to analyze basic sanitation in the city of Lavras da Mangabeira-CE, specifically in relation to the sewage service, identifying the socio- environmental impacts resulting from the lack of basic sanitation. The methodology used for the work was the deductive method, with a bibliographic and documentary survey, a field study with visits to some areas affected by the lack of sanitation for analysis and photographic records, as well as the use of cartographic techniques using Qgis software to create a location map of the study area, and the use of Google Earth to identify the city under study, the main reservoir for water supply and the Water Treatment Plant. The precariousness of the city's basic sanitation services, especially the deficit in sewage services, has contributed to the generation of adverse impacts on public health, the soil and water resources, such as the Salgado River, the main drain that runs through the city, which receives domestic and commercial effluent without any kind of prior effluent treatment. In addition, the city has several neighborhoods where open sewage flows around homes, causing negative impacts on the environment and the population. However, some measures can be taken to mitigate the impacts identified, and it is of the utmost importance for the municipal government to promote quality basic sanitation services for the entire population. It was therefore possible to conclude that it is essential to implement basic sanitation, specifically sewage disposal, in order to provide measures that minimize the socio- environmental impacts resulting from the lack of basic sanitation.