Crescimento e produção de bananeira 'Pacovan' irrigada com água residuária e fertirrigada com nitrogênio e potássio.

Abstract

The Fertilizer application at the appropriate time and in adequate amounts through irrigation systems, as well as the use of wastewater in agriculture in order to obtain satisfactory yields and profitability without major socioeconomic and environmental damage are factors that require a Tight integration efforts. Thus, considering the importance of culture for the current economic scenario and the national character of this pioneering initiative at the regional level, it was proposed in this study to evaluate the effects of different levels of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers applied via wastewater on the parameters growth and crop yield of banana cv. Pacovan, at conditions of Agreste Paraiba. The experiment was conducted at the farm Ponta da Serra, municipality of Queimadas-PB, the river Bodocongó. Where were tested two factors: Nitrogen (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1 year-1, in the form of ammonium sulfate) and Potassium (0, 150, 300 and 450 kg ha-1 year-1, in the form potassium chloride), in randomized blocks with 4 x 4 factorial design with three replications. The results were submitted to analysis of variance and regression, assessing the isolated effects of each factor as well as the interaction between them. Through the results it can be inferred that wastewater from the river offers Bodocongó risks to soil salinization, which is why its use in irrigated agriculture must be accompanied with caution, due to the large amounts of ions found in its composition and also are transported in large quantities to the ground through the irrigation, which makes limiting the continued use in irrigation production systems. So should give preference to irrigation of crops with high tolerance to salinity, since grown in well-drained soil and permeable. Moreover, the levels of nitrogen and potassium found in wastewater Bodocongó River, have reduced the amount of fertilizer nitrogen and potassium applied by fertigation, without damage to vegetative growth and crop yield. Where the application of 137,02 kg N ha-1 year-1 and 150 kg K ha-1 year-1, in the forms of ammonium sulfate and potassium chloride, respectively, entrusted a satisfactory vegetative growth from banana plants. Already with the application of 100 kg N ha-1 year-1 obtained an increase of 42,26% to the average weight of the bunches and 46,6% of the crop yield.