Políticas públicas para educação das relações étnico-raciais em Feira de Santana-Bahia (2006-2016).

Abstract

The present thesis analyzed the public policies for education of ethnic and racial relations structured in the municipal administrations of Feira de Santana-Bahia, from 2006 to 2016, establishing relations with the black movements formulations for an antiracist education. Thus, we draw the following specific objectives: a) to discuss briefly the construction processes of affirmative actions for ethnic and racial relations education in the context of public policies developed by the Brazilian State; b) to map the proposals and actions carried out by the Municipal Education Department of Feira de Santana-BA in the period 2006-2016, as well as to investigate if they were implemented at the public schools of the city; c) to identify the participation of the black movements of Feira de Santana-BA in the formulation and implementation processes in the period 2006-2016; and, d) to investigate the contradictions, the actors, the acting, the marks, the operational goals and the principles that comprised the education policies for ethnic and racial relations of the municipal administrations of 2006-2016. The research was based on the contributions of the historical and dialectical materialism associated with the contemporary theoretical discussions of either the ethnic and racial relations and public policies fields. In this sense, we opted for a qualitative research that carried out documentary analyzes, with official and unofficial documents related to the municipal policies; semi-structured interviews with nine subjects who composed the team responsible for the Coordination of Ethnic and Racial Relations in the Municipal Education Department and black militants of the locality who participated in actions and reclaims for the implementation of laws; application of questionnaires to a nonprobabilistic and intentional sample of 36 schools of the Municipal Public Education Network of Feira de Santana. In the analysis of the data, we work with three dimensions: disputed hegemony; institutional racism; and, antiracist and emancipatory education. For thematic and temporal organization we use thematic categories based on Content Analysis, with the help of two softwares: Microsoft Excel for questionnaires tabulation and Nvivo Pro for interviews and open questions separation. In our analysis, we conclude that municipal management structured policies based on punctual and fragmented actions that did not meet the fundamental conditions for the implementation of Laws 10.639/03 and 11.645/08, operating from what we call the "insufficiency policy". However, we observed contradictory movements in which the subjects of the research carried out a "resistance policy", consisting of daily struggles through denunciations, reclaims and the development of actions, even in the face of an unequal dispute in the articulation of policies in the institutional space. Thus, in considering the "politics of resistance", we affirm that the actions that were planned and carried out had foundations in the bases of antiracist education, since the subjects who acted in the processes of formulation and implementation were formed in the struggles of the black movements.