Quilombolar-se na Amazônia: “outros” processos de formação, “outras” experiências da classe trabalhadora alargada.

Abstract

The experience of the struggles of Earth's workers when building ways of life centered on ontological work, in contradiction with capitalism and when composing the working class in its doing produces its expansion, verified through Quilombolar-se of the communities São José de Icatu, Segundo Distrito, Tambaí-Açu in Mocajuba/PA, Amazônia region Tocantina. The thesis was qualitatively guided by Ananse's thread (the method). Within the labyrinth of Turiá (mode of investigation), it sought to respond to the contradictions between work-capital, as evidenced by the elements of the processes of economic-cultural of the affirmation of the social being with class, gender, and quilombola identities, as well as the dialectical relations between work-education and economy-culture that shape the work of the working class. To this end, a literature review, observations and field notes were carried out, interviews and conversation circles were carried out, analyzed through Laurence Bardin's content analysis method. The research was theoretically supported by the concepts of work in Karl Marx, school of experience in Rosa Luxembourg, the ontology of social being in György Lukács, Indo-Afro-Latin American socialism in José Carlos Mariátegui, gender, race, class and ethnicity in Lélia González, experience in Edward Thompson, hegemony in Raymond Williams, slight Marxist stretch in Franz Fanon; quilombola struggles in Clóvis Moura, among others. Particularities of this artistic whole attest to the reality sculpted in the productive-cultural materialities of quilombola women and men resulting from their daily community struggles, their knowledge of experience arising from the work-culture-education relationship, experiences lived, felt, perceived and modified through values, customs, traditions, feelings, belongings, ways of life in dispute in the labor-capital contradiction. In this sense, it was found that the elements of the expansion of the working class occur in the quilombola experience through daily community struggles that configure quilombolas as land workers, children of Mother Earth, different from salaried rural workers, but also affected by capitalism. They fight for a non-capitalist hegemony by fighting for their ways of life. It was also found, as a consequence of the expansion of the working class as workers of the Earth, that Quilombolar-se is the becoming quilombola in the Amazon, Tocantina region, production of the life of the social being understood in the circularity of ancestry, Ubuntu process 3 ontological happening established in the human-nature relationship. Characterizations of this process have been verified since the struggles of black people when they were uprooted from Africa, struggles against slavery, post-abolition struggles, struggles against miserable social hierarchies; struggles for the redemocratization of Brazil; struggles of Quilombola Associations; fights for territories and to maintain oneself; identity struggles, struggles for <other= cultural economies, struggles for Quilombola Education and Quilombola School Education; struggles that involve knowledge from <other= schools, quilombola struggles that are integrated with <other= struggles of other peoples and that constitute processes of economic-cultural formation of the broader working class. The research points to exits from the labyrinth as <other= utopias in the face of the economic-cultural formation processes manifested and ongoing, namely, the emergence of a <other= necessary non-capitalist world, since the metabolism of capital operates in an incompatible way to the human-nature relationship, to democracy, to solutions to hunger and poverty. Therefore, taken on the basis of ancestral communism that can reincorporate the working class into its activities - expand.