As velhas baraúnas: consolidação das oligarquias agrárias no distrito de Camalaú, Estado da Parahyba do Norte (1895-1930).

Abstract

The aim of this research is to analyze the political and social formation of the elites after the coup of 1889. In this sense, the consolidation of the agrarian oligarchies is explored in this work, which uses historical materialism to explain interclass relations and their respective hegemony projects. The discussion and interpretation of the classics of the political history of the Old Republic, through notarial and documentary sources which refer to inventories, birth records, death records and electoral minutes, sought to substantiate that the relations of domination and exploitation in the First Republic did not correspond to a singular, merely electoral logic. The factor of the superstructures and structures of these social compositions shows that the visceral link is the latifundium. The self-affirmation in the political field of the colonels and dominant groups, in addition to a classist project, corresponded to the cultural and economic capital of these agents. The combination of forces legitimized by cronyism, kinship and concessions remained firm in the face of the game of interests. The old Baraúnas, a reference to the structures of the oligarchies of the 20th century, demonstrate how much the Brazilian elite has been linked since its inception to the domination of land and its structures of power and domination sustained by the symbolic and economic capital represented by land ownership, which guaranteed the enjoyment of privileges, concessions and political domination of the state apparatus.