Técnicas de controle de forídeo: o estado da arte.

Abstract

Phorids flies (Diptera Phoridae), are considered one of the most abundant and diverse families of flies, andhave caused a great threat to meliponiculture. The species Pseudohypocera kerteszi and Megaselia scalaris stand out for being kleptoparasites, that is, the females penetrate the colony of the stingless bee and oviposit in detritus deposits, open pollen pots or damaged brood combs in the colony. In this sense, we aimed to investigate methods used to mitigate the propagation of phorids in meliponary. This is a bibliographical review, but the interactions between meliponines and phorid flie are little investigated, to facilitate access and scope of the theme, publications from the CAPES Periodicals databases, Scientific Information System on Neotropical Bees, Google Scholar, IBICT and ScienceDirect, the following terms and operators were used: “phorids AND meliponiculture”. In this perspective, free expanded articles and abstracts available in Portuguese, English and Spanish were part of this research. On the other hand, the lack of correlation with the research question was excluded, a sample period was not delimited. Six articles were found, in which one was published in the years 2006 and 2008, two in the years 2012 and 2013, all were located in Google Scholar, with the control methods, "hunting phorids", used in the studies: red wine and white wine vinegar; 1:1 mixture of water and pollen, apple cider vinegar, red wine vinegar, and rubbing alcohol; red wine vinegar, white wine vinegar and 3:1 mixture of water and pollen; and andiroba vegetable oil (Carapa sp.) and Copaíba vegetable oil (Copaifera sp.). In order to prevent or as a treatment for colonies infested by phorids, several techniques are traditionally used by beekeepers. The results of this study are important to show the methods used to control the spread of pathogens, phorids, and thus reduce the economic loss caused to Neotropical stingless bees, but there are limitations, such as the lack of studies in this area.