Revisão sistemática da Cannabis sativa L. como alternativa para o tratamento de doenças degenerativas e produção in silíco de analise ADME.

Abstract

Cannabis sativa has been used for many years as a medicinal agent. It contains approximately 540 compounds, including over 100 that have been identified as cannabinoids. The predominant psychotropic component is Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) followed by cannabidiol (CBD), both of which can be used for drug development. Several studies demonstrate the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids in the treatment of various diseases, including neurodegenerative ones such as: Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson's Disease (PD), Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Therefore, the work aims to highlight the medicinal properties of Cannabis sp. through a systematic review, in addition to an in silico analysis to assess the bioavailability of THC and CBD, finally, to relate the use of cannabinoids for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The search was carried out through a systematic review carried out through the Springer, Science direct, Frontiersin Media, Wiley Online Library and PubMed databases, in total, 2,722,649 articles were found. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 193 articles remained for full reading, 178 for literature review and 15 for discussion of the results. Regarding bioavailability, CBD and THC cannabinoids have been shown to be highly absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract and cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), drug permeation through the BBB is a key task for neuropharmaceuticals to reach their site of action in the central nervous system. (CNS). It is concluded, therefore, that Cannabis sativa has proven medicinal effects and cannabinoids such as THC and CBD are effective in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Multiple Sclerosis diseases and, therefore, can be used in their treatment.