Cultivo de tomate cereja em sistema hidropônico com água salina.

Abstract

With all the problems of water scarcity in the semi-arid region of Paraíba, the irrigation technique using good quality water resources becomes impracticable in these regions, most of the time producers subject to the use of groundwater usually brackish potentize the process of salinization of areas the hydroponic system emerges as an opportunity for sustainable production by adding crops of high commercial value such as tomato. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of different levels of salinity on the hydroponic cultivation of cherry Tomato cultivars. The experiment was carried out at Fazenda Riachão in the municipality of Boa Vista-PB, from March 20 to May 25, 2018, in an open environment. The experimental design used was subdivided into five plots (saline concentrations), and each parcel had 4 subplots where the last net was 3 cultivars, the factors studied were arranged in a 5 x 3 factorial scheme, three cultivars of cherry tomato; Carolina, Fernão and Vermelho, treated in five saline levels of the nutrient solution (2.5, 4.0, 5.5, 7.0 and 8.5 dS.m-1), after 10 days of transplanting to the final profiles. Growth variables, photosynthetic pigments, electrolyte extravasation, relative water content and gas exchange at 15 and 30 days after the beginning of treatments, phytomass and net production were evaluated. The results show that the effect of salinity on the cultivars reduces the growth parameters consequently the green and dry mass of the plants, decreased the values of the photosynthetic pigments with the persistence of saline stress, the photosynthesis of the plants was satisfactory until the second concentration of 4.0 dS.m-1, where the cultivar Samambaia reached higher production with 4.7 dS.m-1, behaving more tolerant to saline stress in relation to the others.