Crescimento e produção de girassol sob doses de biocarvão de cama de frango e NPK.

Abstract

Growth and production of sunflower under doses of poultry litter biochar and NPK. The use of biomass can contribute to improve or maintain the soil properties, and therefore for sustainable energy production and food. Before the importance of sunflower to the semiarid, the objective study evaluate the effect of fertilization with biochar of chicken litter in combination with mineral fertilizer on growth and yield of sunflower cv. Embrapa 122/V2000. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse of UAEAg/CTRN/UFCG in pots with capacity of 20 dm3 under completely randomized design, with treatments arranged in factorial 5 x 4 with four replicates. The treatments consisted of five doses of mineral fertilizer D1= 0, D2= 25%, D3= 50%, D4= 75% and D5= 100% fertilization recommendation with NPK (100, 300 and 150 mg kg-1) and four doses of biochar of chicken litter, 0; 5% (400g/pot); 10% (800g/pot) and 15% (1100g/ pot) calculated based on the volume of soil. Fertilization with 50% of NPK recommendation (50:150:75 mg kg-1) promoted the highest growth, biomass production, yield components and yield of sunflower when compared with the other treatments NPK levels. Fertilization with increasing doses of biochar of chicken litter caused a linear reduction of plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), number of leaves (NL) and leaf area (LA). However, there was no significant effect on biomass production. The head diameter (HD), number of achenes per plant (NAP) and number of viable achene (NVA), reduced 14.75%; 35.66% and 40.03% with the increasing doses of biochar. The combination of 50:150:75 mg kg-1 of NPK and 400 g/pot biochar promoted greater production of achene per plant (23.91 g/plant).