Influência da tipologia de coberta e aberturas de ventilação no conforto térmico em habitação de interesse social.

Abstract

The fulfillment of the requirements for shelter and protection from the adverse effects of climate is the guiding principle of most primary architectural forms. The development and commercial availability of new materials and construction technologies have significantly changed the way of thinking about architecture. The enthusiasm, given the range of new constructive alternatives, has induced to the indiscriminate reproduction of architectural proposals adopted in other locations with climatic and cultural peculiarities. This paper analyses the thermal comfort of residence designed for Semiarid area in Paraiba, characterized by the use of cross ventilation for high-ceiling and air vents positioned at different heights relative to the ground. Different comfort indices were used to characterize the indoor environments. We have then proceeded to assess their performance, according to Brazilian standards, and thermal behavior of the elements of its envelopment. A computational model was calibrated using DesignBuilder software, in order to enable further studies by parametric simulations. For this purpose, data were collected from globe, superficial and air temperatures, relative humidity and wind speed during the winter period when applied to different handling routines vent openings (windows, flags and hollow elements). The results indicate the treatment was less effective in that all openings were closed. To maintain thermal neutrality, the best treatment that consisted in which the flags were open while hollow elements were closed. During the day, the treatment in which all openings were unsealed, the room was classified to people standing performing domestic tasks, as slightly cold, while the mezzanine, slightly warm. Covers with insulating subsystems or with ceilings and ventilated attics are indicated as corrective measures.