Avaliação do uso de insulina por pacientes com diabetes e estratégias para o cuidado farmacêutico.

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM 1) is one of the most recurrent disorders with an increasing worldwide trend of being affected. The role of the pharmacist, through the practice of care, becomes relevant to ensure the effectiveness of treatment and a better quality of life for individuals. The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of insulin by patients with DM and, and suggest strategies for pharmaceutical care, to optimize the therapeutic results. This is a cross-sectional, quantitative and descriptive study, whose sample is composed of patients who receive insulin in the city of Cuité/PB. Data collection was done through the application of questionnaires during the month of March 2021. It was intended to collect sociodemographic and economic data, as well as information about the use of insulin and the disposal of sharps and supplies used in therapy . The results obtained were statistically analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences v. 13.0. Thirty patients were interviewed, with a prevalence of males (56.7%), older than 70 years (33.4%), with low education (66.7%), with an income of 1 to 3 minimum wages (86 .7%). Regarding insulin therapy, the type of insulin varies between: NPH (40% of respondents), insulin glargine (36.7%), aspart (16.7%) and lispro (6.7%). 83.3% claim that their diet is healthy, 60% are sedentary. Of the participants, 60% do self-application, 73.3% rotate the administration site, with the arm being the most used (56.7%). Finally, it was found that 60% dispose of waste generated in common garbage, based on the data obtained, an educational video was created about disposal and a pamphlet about the benefits of healthy eating and physical exercise and instructions for correct application of insulin. It is concluded from the study that it was possible to better understand the profile of people who use the Cuiteense public health system to obtain insulin treatment, aspects of the use and disposal of supplies used in the treatment were seen and that most patients are unaware of on non-pharmacological measures such as physical activity. Based on the data obtained in this study, we can guide health professionals to carry out activities such as distribution of educational pamphlets and lectures for individuals with diabetes mellitus on insulin therapy.