Balanço hídrico agrometeorológico do Estado da Paraíba.

Abstract

Agrometeorological water balance is one of the ways to monitor soil water storage, being an important tool for strategic and agricultural planning. The objective of this study was to evaluate the agrometeorological water balance of the State of Paraíba. Data from a historical series from 1971 to 2017 were used. Data were collected from 223 pluviometric stations distributed in six mesoregions of the State. Data were collected from 223 pluviometric stations distributed in six mesoregions of the State. The monthly agroclimatic water balance method used was the one proposed by Thornthwaite & Mather and the results were obtained the climatic classifications according to Thornthwaite. The climatic water balance for the state of Paraíba evidenced limitations of the water resources in the mesoregions of Alto Sertão, Sertão, Cariri-Curimataú, Agreste and Brejo, with an average of 7 months of soil water deficit.The Cariri-Curimataú mesoregion has no water surplus in any of the months studied. In all the months of the historical series (1971 to 2017), the coastal, Brejo and Sertão mesoregions have the highest evapotranspiration rates, and the lowest rates occur in Agreste, Cariri-Curimataú and Alto Sertão. The mesoregions of Alto sertão, Agreste and Brejo were classified as dry sub-humid climate, Megatérmico, with small water surplus, the Sertão and Cariri-Curimataú as of semiarid climate, Megatérmico, small or null water surplus and the mesoregion of the Coast as of sub-humid climate, Megatérmico, with moderate deficiency in the rainy season. The predominant climatic range in the state of Paraíba, according to the cultural indexes in the period from 1971 to 2017 was Mesotérmica and the arid water sector. To guarantee high productivity in the state of Paraíba requires integrated agricultural planning for the implementation of irrigation systems with rational use of water.