Estudos de infiltração uni e bidimensional em meios porosos em modelo reduzido.

Abstract

This study focuses its attention on the behavior of water in porous media in saturated and unsaturated zones, analyze its parameters, and observe them from the angle of applications in Supply Engineering and Agronomy. The study was developed in a laboratory using an acrylic model capable of simulating field conditions, where they were used three types of sand with different granulometry allowing the establishment of a scale ratio for comparison. The specific physical parameters of each sand, such as diffusibility, permeability and capillary tension, were finished experimentally by apparatus and equipment developed in the laboratory itself when standard equipment were not available. Scale ratios were established for both regimes considered to simulate uni and bidimensional situations. Logarithmic and exponential equations were derived to describe the aquifer recharge, with determine the position and humidity of the border over time. The velocities of entry into the vertical infiltration were determined using the permeability variation principle between two layers. The effects of trapped air and its distortions on moisture distribution were analyzed. The hysteresis phenomenon in fine sands was taken into account. The established scale ratios and the derived equations allowed the prediction of wet and saturated boundaries and describe the change in humidity over time and space for application in engineering and agronomy to better take advantage in water resource planning projects in general Hence the physical characteristics of a given data are identified our study provides conditions to predict in the field the position of wet borders in a given recharge time, as well as predict the humidity at each point, and extrapolate the time of aquifer recharge.