Degradação ambiental no entorno da alça sudoeste do municipio de Campina Grande-PB.

Abstract

Disorganized and uncontrolled urban sprawl has led to environmental degradation along the southwestern corner of the city of Campina Grande-PB, due to the removal of native vegetation and the withdrawal of soil for civil construction. The objective of this work was to study the environmental degradation around the southwest loop, using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems techniques. It was carried out the study of the time of environmental degradation in every study area based on Landsat-5 satellite images for the years 1989 and 2007 and Landsat-8 satellite for the year 2017, analyzing the dynamics of the degradation occurred in the area over the years. Fieldwork was carried out using GPS to identify control points and later georeferencing. The results were presented in the form of digital maps generated from georeferencing and digital treatment of Landsat-5 and Landsat-8 images. It was found that during the 28 years analyzed there was a significant real estate explosion in the region. The vegetation cover had a very marked decline, only the exposed Solo class had an increase of 19, 73 km ² represented mainly by the urban expansion along the southwest loop. In environmental degradation, the most worrying index is the level of severe degradation that went from 34, 72 km² to 89, 27 km² in the 28 year period.