Desenvolvimento e avaliação de técnicas de micropropagação e criopreservação para o armazenamento da mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes).

Abstract

Mangabeira is a plant native to Brazil, found in the Northeast, North, Midwest and Southeast. It Belongs to the family Apocinaceae and their seeds are classified as recalcitrant. This research aimed to develop protocols for micropropagation and cryopreservauon storage of mangabeira. The research was conducted in the laboratories of Storage and Processing of Agricultural Products, Department of Agricultural Engineering at the Federal University of Campina Grande and the Laboratory of Plant Tissue Culture of the State Company for Agricultural Research in Paraiba in Joao Pessoa - PB. The biological material used were seeds of H. speciosa. The experiments were conducted under aseptic conditions using the WPM for all experimental. At the time sterilization the seeds were submerged in 70% alcohol and after the following treatments were: CaCl202 concentration (2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.0 and 15.0%) as a function of exposure times (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 min). For the was used establishment of the buds in vitro WPM supplemented with active charcoal (0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0%) as a function of sucrose (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 g). Multiplication in the culture medium was supplemented with BAP (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1,5 and 2,0 mgL4) as a function of IBA (0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1,0 mgL"1). For root culture media containing ISA (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4.0 mgL"1) and AIA (1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 mgL" ! ). In the step of cryopreservation technique for the encapsulation-desiccation, the capsules were formed with the o solutions of alginate gel (5%) and calcium chloride (0.2 M), periods of dryness were 0, 1, 2 and 3 hours in a laminar flow chamber. After it was determined the water content of buds and subsequently frozen in liquid nitrogen (- 196 °C) for 5 days. In the vitrification method we used sucrose concentrations (0.0, 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 M) and DMSO (0, 5, 10 and 15%), after the buds were frozen in liquid nitrogen for 5 days and subsequently grown in culture medium. Given the results, we conclude that the CaCl202 was effective in disinfection of seeds of mangabeira; the active carbon was significant for the establishment of the gems; the induction of new roots occurred of in medium supplemented with IBA; the step cryopreservation did not regenerate buds.